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¡ý¥á¥¿¥â¥Ç¥ë¡ÊThe Meta-model¡Ë
¡ý¥Ð¡¼¥Ð¥ë¡¦¥Ñ¥Ã¥±¡¼¥¸¡ÊThe Verbal Package¡Ë
¡ýÌÀ³Î¥â¥Ç¥ë¡ÊThe Precision Model¡Ë
¡ý¥Õ¥¡¡¼¥ê¡¼Ä©È¯¥â¥Ç¥ë¡ÊThe Farrelley provocations¡Ë
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Language skills: Meta model / precision / verbal package / Farrelley provocations
Historically, the first model of NLP was the meta-model. The meta-model is, to the best of ourknowledge, the first complete verbal specification modelcreared for our species. By specification model, we are referring to the ability of a person receiving information toquickly and effectively get the provider of the information to ground¡Êor specify¡Ëwhat they intend by what theysay¡Ýin concrete terms. This method leads naturally to analignment of the internal maps of the members of the company applying it totheir verbal exchanges. These internal maps are thesource of the behaviors displayed by the members of the company.
The Verbal Package uses a syntactic method for identifying and challenging the missing and inadequately specified elements in any verbal communication, independent of content. Its purpose is to recover deleted elements in verbal behavior and to challenge the structure of the thinking and mapping patterns implicit in what people say. More simply, the point of the meta-model is to reconnect the linguistic representations with the experiences that these utterances purport to refer to. This is accomplished by identifying the syntactic structures generated in the speech patterns and to insist through precise questioning that the source of the information extracts from his or her internal maps the missing and poorly specified elements and make them concrete.
The meta-model was created in the early and mid-1970s by John Grinder and Richard Bandler. It has two offspring: the Precision Model¡Ê1980¡Ëby John Grinder and Mike McMasters and the Verbal Package by Carmen Bostic and John Grinder with a special focus on application in business contexts. Each of successors to the meta-model represents a simplification of the original meta-model, the Verbal Package is the most radical of these simplifications. 
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The purpose of recognizing deletions is to assist the client in restoring
a fuller representation of his experiences. Deletion is a process which removes
portions of the original experience (the world) or full linguistic
representation (Deep Structure). The linguistic process of deletion is a
transformational process ¡¼ the result of deletion transformations ¡¼ and a special
case of the general modeling phenomenon of Deletion where in the model we create
is reduced with respect to the thing being modeled. Deep Structure is the full
linguistic representation. The representation of this representation is the
Surface Structure ¡¼ the actual sentence that the client says to communicate his
full linguistic model or Deep Structure. As native speakers of English,
therapists have intuitions which allow them to determine whether the Surface
Structure represents the full Deep Structure or not. Thus, by comparing the
Surface Structure and the Deep Structure, the therapist can determine what is
missing.
¡ÊJohn Grinder & Richard Bandler¡ÖThe Structure of Magic¡×p.59¡Ë
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2013/12/03 ÉÔÆÃÄê̾»ì Unspecified Referential Index
2013/12/04 ÉÔÆÃÄêÆ°»ì Unspecified Verb
2013/12/05 Èæ³ÓÂоݤκï½ü Comparative Deletions
2013/12/06 ̾»ì²½ Nominalization
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2013/12/09 ÉáÊ×Ū¿ôÎÌ»ì Universal Quantifiers
2013/12/10 Á°Äó Presupposition
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The Map Is Not the Territory
In the authors' experience, people who use hypnosis for medical, dental, or psychotherapeutic purposes seem more than any other single group to understand that we, as human beings, do not operate behaviorally 'directly' upon the world, but rather we operate through a map or model (a created representation) of what we 'believe' theworld to be. A thorough understanding of how people in general, and each clientin particular, create a representation of the world in which they live willyield the practitioner of hypnosis many advantages. Among these will be greater speed in trance induction, more success with a greater number of subjects, anddeeper trances. For additional study of the processes by which people create models of the world, were commend 'The Structure of MagicI and II'.
For our purposes here, we wish now to provide you with only a basic model of the processes by which people create models of the world.
First, the models that we as humans create will differ from the world of reality in three major ways. Some parts of our experience will be deleted, not represented in our model. This is both a necessary and sometimes impoverishing aspect of our modeling processes. If we tried to represent every piece of sensory input, we would be overwhelmed with data. However, when we fail to represent an important or vitala spect, the results can be devastating. In anyevent, we do delete parts of our experience when creating models of the world.These deletions, and all of the processes of modeling, go on all the time and, for the most part, without our conscious awareness.
The second way in which our model of the world will be different from the world itself is through distortions. Distortion is a modeling process which allows us to make shifts in ourexperience of sensory data. For example, we can fantasize a green cow, eventhough we have never experienced one with our senses, We can distort our experience and plan the future by imagining that it is now. This modeling process can be an asset or a liability, depending upon how it is used.
The third process of modeling is generalization. This is the process by which one element of our model of the world comes to represent an entire category of which it is only an example. This allows us to know that when weread a book, by moving our eves from left to right, we will be able to extractthe content. When we are confronted with a door just like any other door, even though we have not seen this particular door before, we make the assumption itwill open by the same process we have used before. Generalizations in our modelof the world allow us to operate more efficiently from context to context. Generalizational so allows us to keep recoding our experiences at higher levels of patterning.This makes possible the advances in knowledge and technology ¡Ý in all areas of human functioning.
¡ÊPatterns of the Hypnotic Techniques of Milton H. Erickson, M.D. Volumeµ, p.7-8¡Ë
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Patterns of the Hypnotic Techniquesof Milton H. Erickson, M.D [¥Ú¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥Ð¥Ã¥¯]
John Grinder
Richard Bandler
Metamorphous Press
1996-07-01




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There is anumber of other applications where by the know-nothing-stat has excellent application and numerous advantages.
I, (Carmen Bostic St. Clair), was the Director of Mergers and Acquisitions for a major American corporation and for other entities for a number of years. In addition to the actual negotiation and final purchase of a proposed asset, my responsibilities typically included the due diligence preceding the negotiations. I considered the due diligence phase an integral element in negotiation. As such, I was quite systematic in making use not only of the standards required by such duediligence, but also by tapping less traditional sources of information about the potential asset, such as: disgruntled employees; customers who had defected to competitors; suppliers who had voluntarily terminated their supply contracts... I considered all this information not only essential to establish apurchase price which would meet the parameters my company had set for growth, but to prepare me for the next phase – negotiation.
I commenced each negotiation with an explicit strategy to purposely set aside the months of investigation and preparation the moment that I arrived at the site of the negotiation. I would enter the room in a know-nothing state – having clearedmyself, at the conscious level functioning, of the very information I had sodiligently developed. marked this know-nothing state for myself, by ritualistically locking my briefcase that contained the documentation, puttingit safely beyond temptation. This know-nothing strategy enabled me (as if anAikido master) to optimize my ability to detect and utilize the information being presented both consciously and unconsciously by the individuals sitting around the negotiating table.
¡Ê'Whispering in the Wind' p.238¡Ë

